Table of contents
|
Page number |
Title |
|
1 |
Description |
|
2 |
Feed
and Speed Calculations |
|
3 |
Time
Calculation |
|
4 |
Route
Sheet |
|
5 |
Drawing |
|
6 |
G-Code |
Description
In this project we will be
program our initials on a plate with the CNC machine. We will incorporating some basic g-code commands.
(RH)
N0020G70
N0030G90
N0040M06
N0050T1
N0060M03
(R)
N0080G00X.400Y.400
N0090G01Z.10F30
N0100G01Z-.125F5
N0110G01Y2.60
N0120G01X1.331
N0130G02X1.831Y2.100I1.331J2.100
N0140G01Y2.000
N0150G02X1.331Y1.500I1.331J2.000
N0160G01X.400
N0170G01X1.331
N0180G01X1.831Y.4
N0190G01Z.1F30
First
we will deal with some set up commands, which appear in most any cnc program.
Please
note lines N002-N006. These lines tell the machine some basic information about
the part we will be machining. G70 means we will be machining in inches as
apposed to millimeters. G90 says we are in absolute mode, meaning we will
reference all our points from a common origin in the lower left corner of the
part. Refer to the AutoCAD drawing.
M06,
T1 and M03 is the tool change sequence. M06 rapids the machine to its home
position and stops. T1 tells the machine it needs a tool defined as Tool number
1 to be inserted into the spindle. M03 turns on the spindle in a clockwise
motion.
The machine is now ready to machine the part.
Note
line N008. G00 is a rapid move. Its speed is usually some where around 300 ipm.
This is used when moving the spindle a long distance up off the part. It saves
time. In this instance the spindle will rapidly move to the start point, which
is X.400, Y.400.
Line
N0090G01Z.10F30,
is a linear move to the feed plane at z.1. F30 tells the machine to move at 30
ipm, Slower than the G00 but still not cutting material.
Line
N0100G01Z-.125F5
and N0110G01Y2.60
starts the actual cutting of the part. Note the F5; this is 5 ipm, the cutting
feed rate.
When
the part is finished machining, the ending sequence of code is read;
N0320G01Z.1
N0330M02
END
The tool feeds at 5 ipm to
the feed plane, z.1, then reads M02. M02 tells the machine to end program,
rapid to the home position, and turn the spindle off.
Feed and Speed Calculations
Speed
(Revolutions Per Minute)
CS=300, from table in text.
D=
.25
RPM=
RPM=
=4800 rpm
Feed
(Inches Per Minute
F=.002,
from table in text
N=4
IPM=F*N*RPM IPM=.002*4*4800=38.4
ipm
NOTE:
We used a feed of 5 ipm and
speed of 1500 rpm in machining this part. The reason for this is that we are
choosing to be conservative. We are cutting for the first time and we like to
be sure the program is ok before increasing the feed and speed.
Time Estimate
To
calculate time estimate for this piece, we need to know the total distance of
the cutting tool. To do this we will add the dimensions in the following
picture.
Total
cutting distance 2+.931+1.571+.931+1.208+2.200+2.200+1.431
Total
cutting distance = 12.47
So
at 5 ipm, which is our actual cutting speed, we will divide 12.47 by 5. This is
2.49 minutes. We can round this to 2.5 minutes.
The
actual machining time for this project is about 2.5 minutes.
SUNY at Farmingdale
Route Sheet
Name of Part: Initials Drawing No.: 0001
No. of Parts to be
manufactured: 1 Order
No.:
Sheet Writer: R. Hayes Sheet 1 of 1
Approved by: Date: 2/11/01
|
Oper. no. |
Operation |
Tool Used |
Machine |
|
10 |
Cut sheet aluminum to 4 1/8
x 3 1/8. |
|
Band Saw |
|
20 |
Break sharp edges |
File |
|
|
30 |
Mill to finish length and
width |
End mill |
Vertical Milling Machine |
|
40 |
Create 2d AutoCAD Drawing
of part |
AutoCAD |
Computer PC |
|
50 |
Write G-code |
Notepad |
Computer PC |
|
60 |
Load G-code into Controller |
Computer |
CNC Mill |
|
70 |
Set up Machine and program
zero |
Computer |
CNC Mill |
|
80 |
Set up part in Fixture |
Vise |
CNC Mill |
|
90 |
Verify G-code |
Computer |
CNC Mill |
|
100 |
Run Program |
1/4 Ball end mill |
CNC Mill |
|
110 |
Remove Part |
|
CNC Mill |
|
120 |
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130 |
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140 |
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150 |
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160 |
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170 |
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180 |
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190 |
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200 |
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210 |
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220 |
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230 |
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240 |
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250 |
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260 |
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270 |
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280 |
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290 |
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300 |
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310 |
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320 |
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330 |
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G-Code for the Dynapath Controller
(RH)
N0020G70
N0030G90
N0040M06
N0050T1
N0060M03
(R)
N0080G00X.400Y.400
N0090G01Z.10F30
N0100G01Z-.125F5
N0110G01Y2.60
N0120G01X1.331
N0130G02X1.831Y2.100I1.331J2.100
N0140G01Y2.000
N0150G02X1.331Y1.500I1.331J2.000
N0160G01X.400
N0170G01X1.331
N0180G01X1.831Y.4
N0190G01Z.1F30
(H)
N0210G00X2.231Y1.500
N0220G01Z-.125F5
N0230G01X3.662
N0240G01Z.1F30
N0250G00X2.231Y.40
N0260G01Z-.125F5
N0270G01Y2.600
N0280G01Z.1
N0290G00X3.662Y.40
N0300G01Z-.125F5
N0310G01Y2.600
N0320G01Z.1
N0330M02
END